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Yes you can. This will be plugged into one of the ports. Essentially you will have 2 wi fi networks. In our house we have our original google fiber wi fi and with this I created a separate wi fi. I run all the smart devices (plugs, lights, thermostat, etc) off the original google wi fi and the entertainment stuff is run off the new nest wi fi.
Google Nest WiFi works with most ISP provided internet options including fiber internet as long as it comes with a modem. If your modem is a modem/router combo, then you may have to put the combo in bridge mode or disable its Wi-Fi functionality in order to connect Google Nest WiFi router as your primary router and create a mesh Wi-Fi network with the points. We recommend using Nest WiFi router as your primary router as it has faster processing speeds and offers larger coverage.
This plugs into your current router and becomes it's own wifi access point. This will not work without a router.