A:Answer I can explain the first part. The 512 GB SSD means that for storage, the computer has a fast solid state drive with a capacity of 512 gigabytes. The Octane memory is a "cache"-there's a good chance that data that was recently pulled from the solid state drive will need to be accessed again fairly soon, so the computer makes a copy of the data and stores it in the cache for quick retrieval, and this computer does come with Windows. Because I'm an HP expert, I really don't know enough about those Asus and Lenovo models to do a comparison, other than to tell you that "laptop" (or notebook) are generic names for a portable computer. This Envy, that Asus Zenbook, and the Lenovo Yoga are all laptops.