A:AnswerLate answer but: Yes. This 1st party adapter is guaranteed to work for your use case. You used a 3rd party adapter of lower quality.
Both the Surface Duo and SD2 support HDMI or other video outputs using a USB-C adapter such as this one.
Please see https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/surface/connect-surface-duo-to-a-tv-or-external-screen-c5d73343-1b9d-2abe-c1cf-313eedbc424a
A:AnswerMicrosoft USB-C Travel Hub supports compatible accessory charging, however it does not support laptop charging. Visit https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/products/surface-devices for the full list of compatible, supported devices.